Understanding of the epidemic disease of Chinese medicine

杏林奇葩

Understanding of the epidemic disease of Chinese medicine
Chinese medicine will have infective diseases that will call " the epidemic disease " to understanding Chinese medicine of the epidemic disease, and the infectious disease related to the fact that season is and seasonal also calls it " the pestilence ". Thousands of years will come, because pestilence (such as the smallpox , cholera , plague ) is repeated and prevailing. Have brought the very grave disaster to Chinese nation. According to the records of " bright history ", from the sixth year of Yongle (1408 ) to high auspicious 16 years (1643), the great pestilence takes place to reach more than 19 times, the pestilence that prevailed in 1641 among them , spread all over the provinces , such as Hebei , Shandong , Jiangsu , Zhejiang ,etc.. According to incomplete statistics, will it be one one one year such as generation Ming and Qing dynasty alone have heavy pestilence 367 times prevailing. The pestilence is rampant, bring the serious threat to people's life. Meanwhile, in the struggle with disease, people accumulated the experience of the abundant prevention and cure disease. In our country's past dynasties ancient books and records , in voluminous Chinese medicine documents , have recorded the experience in a large amount, if " book of the Jin Dynasty " is recorded: "Courtier house have epidemic disease dye apt three people more than person, although the body has no disease , can't enter the palace . "In our country's history, the understanding of the pestilence is being developed constantly too, Tang and Song Dynasty, Sun Si far away " a thousand pieces of gold side ",, Dao Wang " foreign radio secret to want ", Liu finish " asking arcane truthing former and ill type usually " among the books plain, have deeper understanding to infectious diseases , such as smallpox , plague , whooping cough , measles ,etc., the circulation way to the infectious disease has carried on research, and summarize some effective prevention and cure methods , such as taking the measure of isolating and preventing the source of water , diet from polluting etc.. Wu can witness epidemic disease prevail people large quantities of miserable condition of death at that time Ming Dynasty, " set aside all worries and pay attention to poorly " , has created the theory that " the crime is angry ". He thinks there are strong and infective disease and evil , including all epidemic diseases and cause of disease which some surgery infect angrily promptly in the crime . Pass the air and contagion. The crime has many kind angrily, it can cause the corresponding illness that a certain peculiar crime is angry. He proposes: Epidemic disease angry to cause by crime, invade the human body through mouthfuls of nose, after the human body angry to experience crime, pathogenic to decide by crime angry quantity , malicious strength and resistance of the human body. Crime angry epidemic disease that cause, have heavy to prevail different from the distributing one, crime angry to is it have regional different from the timeliness to cause a disease. Because the kind that the crime is angry is different again, diseases caused are different, the internal organs position infringed is different. He points out , because the crime is angry is the material, can treat with the medicine . He put forward view of putting prevention first on " guest evil to chase early while being getting your " also. Wu also but this theory, characteristic , therapeutical method , importance of prevention to the infectious disease ,etc. will realize and will be earlier than the mankind to find for bacteria and 200 years of other microorganism . Leaf day person , Xue Xue , pool Wu , ShiXiong Wang Chinese medicine classic thereafter, for prevent epidemic disease and relevant emergence of disease, have put forward more theoretical foundations and concrete methods . Ploughed one and said oldly in " acute diseases such as cholera and sunstroke grass of epidemic disease " in Qing Dynasty: "There are acute diseases such as cholera and sunstroke people of epidemic diseases in the family, absorb the patient's malicious persons who have illness coming on , in order to infect, brother send acute diseases such as cholera and sunstroke and make younger brother take medicine in advance, if younger brother send acute diseases such as cholera and sunstroke and it makes brother to be that he occupy to be wonderful one? "Have put emphasis on the importance of isolating. Xiong Li product " curing the epidemic disease pandect " is also warned: "The pestilence prevails, while passing and infecting , do not near patient's bed couch , do not eat the delicacies of the season of patient and his family , does not collect people's clothes very much . "When the highest for century for 50- 60 times,take place prevalence of infectious disease not many kinds oves, such as epidemic meningitis , hepatitis,etc. of successively because some our country area, prevent by a large scale among more easily infected group with traditional Chinese medicine , such as use rhizome of cyrtomium , blue root of board , big green leaf ,etc. to prevent the influenza , epidemic meningitis , measles , mumps; Prevent the virus hepatitis with blue root of board , capillary artemisia , Cape jasmine ,etc.; Prevent the dysentery etc. with the purslane or the acupuncture and moxibustion , has received the good result, all these are the effective experience summarized from practice.

杏林奇葩

译文:
中医对疫病的认识
中医将具有传染性的疾病称为“疫”，而与季节和时令有关的传
染病又称之为“瘟疫”。数千年来，由于瘟疫（如天花、霍乱、鼠疫
）的反复流行。曾给中华民族带来了深重的灾难。据《明史》记载，
从永乐六年（1408）至崇祯十六年（1643），发生大瘟疫达19次之多，
其中1641年流行的瘟疫，遍及河北、山东、江苏、浙江等省。据不完
全统计，仅明清两代约500年间就有367次大的瘟疫流行。
　　瘟疫猖獗，给人民生命带来了严重的威胁。同时，在与疾病的斗
争中，人们积累了丰富的防治疾病的经验。在我国历代典籍中，在浩
如烟海的中医文献中，大量记载了这些经验，如《晋书》记载：“朝
臣家有时疫染易三人以上者，身虽无疾，不得入宫。”
　　在我国历史上，对瘟疫的认识也是不断发展的，唐宋时期，孙思
邈的《千金方》、王焘的《外台秘要》、刘完素的《素问玄机原病式》
等书中，对天花、鼠疫、百日咳、麻疹等传染病有了较深刻的认识，
对传染病的传播方式进行了研究，并总结出了一些有效的防治方法，
如采取隔离措施及避免水源、饮食污染等。
　　明代吴又可目睹当时疫病流行民众大批死亡的惨状，“静心穷理”
，创立了“戾气”学说。他认为戾气即有强烈传染性的病邪，包括一
切疫病和某些外科感染的病因。通过空气与接触传染。戾气有多种，
某一特异的戾气可引起相应的疾患。他提出：疫病是由戾气引起，通
过口鼻侵入人体，人体感受戾气之后，是否致病则决定于戾气的量、
毒力与人体的抵抗力。戾气引起的疫病，有大流行与散发性的不同，
戾气致病有地区性与时间性的不同。又由于戾气的种类不同，所引起
的疾病不同，所侵犯的脏器部位也不同。他指出，由于戾气是物质的，
所以完全可以用药物治疗。他还提出“客邪贵乎早逐”的预防为主的
观点。吴又可这一学说，对于传染病的特点、治疗的方法、预防的重
要性等认识要早于人类发现细菌和其他微生物200年。
　　尔后叶天士、薛雪、吴塘、王士雄等中医名家，对于预防疫病及
相关疾病的发生，提出了更多的理论依据和具体方法。
　　清代陈耕道在《疫痧草》中说：“家有疫痧人，吸收病人之毒而
发病者，为传染，兄发痧而预使弟服药，若弟发痧而使兄他居之为妙
乎？”强调了隔离的重要性。
　　熊立品《治疫全书》亦告诫：“瘟疫盛行，递相传染之际，毋近
病人床榻，毋食病家时菜，毋拾死人衣服。”
　　时至上世纪50～60年代，由于我国部分地区先后发生过流脑、肝
炎等多种传染病的流行，用中医药在易感人群中进行大面积预防，诸
如使用贯众、板蓝根、大青叶等预防流感、流脑、麻疹、流行性腮腺
炎；用板蓝根、茵陈、栀子等预防病毒性肝炎；用马齿苋或针灸预防
痢疾等等，都收到了良好效果，这些都是从实践中总结出的有效经验。

传承中医

pleas e pay more attention to the englishi translation of TCM. It  really worth ing it.it is necessary to spread TCM to the outside world.let"s work together !come on!