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[分享]脑溢血之健康导航

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发表于 2009-12-2 09:14:55 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
患者健康导航仪:
  1•患者需要一个安静、舒适的环境,特别`是发病2周内,应尽量减少探望,保持平和、稳定的情绪,避免各种不良情绪影响。 `
  2•绝对卧床休息2周,头部可轻轻`向左右转动,应避免过度搬动或抬高头部,四肢可在床上进行小幅度翻动,每2小时一次,`不必过分紧张。大小便须在床上进行,不可自行下床解便,以防再次出血的意外发生。 `
  3•有些脑溢血患者会出现烦躁不安`、躁动的症状,对这样的病员我们会采取约束带、床档等保护措施,这样可防止病员自行拔除输液管或胃管、坠床等不必要的意外。可能有些家属于心不忍,我们理解家属的心情。一`旦病情稳定,不再烦躁后,我们就会立即撤离对躯体的约束,但床档还需时时加护,特别`是有气垫床的病人,严防坠床。希望大家能配合。
  4•病程中还会出现不同程度的头疼,`例如头部胀痛、针刺样痛、剧烈疼痛等,这是最常见的症状。我们会予以合理的治疗。随着`病情的好转,头疼会逐渐消失,因此您不必过度紧张,要学会分散注意力。如在治疗过程`中,仍觉得痛得很厉害,不能耐受,请及时通知我们,以便医生能采取更有效的治疗方法`。
  5•老年病人,心脑血管老化、脆性程度`高,季节变化易诱发疾病。长期卧床易肺部感染,痰多不易咳出,药物祛痰,加强翻身、拍`背,使痰液松动咳出,减轻肺部感染。无力咳痰者,采取吸痰措施,望能配合。 `
  6•长期卧床,皮肤受压超过2小`时,易发生褥疮,应加强翻身。按摩受压处,保持皮肤清洁干燥。肢体放置功能位,防畸形`。
  7•饮食:要营养丰富、低脂、清淡`软食,如鸡蛋、豆制品等。进食困难者,可头偏向一侧,喂食速度慢,避免交谈,防呛咳、窒息。
  8•保持大便通畅,可食用香蕉、蜂`蜜,多进水,加强适度翻身,按摩腹部,减少便秘发生。病人数天未解便或排便不畅,可使`用缓泄剂,诱导排便。禁忌用力屏气排便,防再次脑出血。 `
  9•恢复`期据医嘱摇高床头10~15○,后按耐受及适应程度逐渐摇高床头至半卧位,每天30分钟、`1~2小时不等。
  10•高血压是本病常见诱因。服用降压药物要按时定量,不`随意增减药量,防血压骤升骤降,加重``病情。
  11•出院后`````定期门诊随访,监测血压、血脂等,适当体育活动,如散步、太极拳等。
http://www.gcnxn99.com[HTML]<SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';"><FONT size=3>患者健康导航仪:</FONT></SPAN>
<FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>1</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">·患者需要一个安静、舒适的环境,特别</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">是发病</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">周内,应尽量减少探望,保持平和、稳定的情绪,避免各种不良情绪影响。</SPAN> <SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN></FONT>
<FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">·绝对卧床休息</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">周,头部可轻轻</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">向左右转动,应避免过度搬动或抬高头部,四肢可在床上进行小幅度翻动,每</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">小时一次,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">不必过分紧张。大小便须在床上进行,不可自行下床解便,以防再次出血的意外发生。</SPAN> <SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN></FONT>
<FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">·有些</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.gcnxn99.com/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT color=&#35;000080>脑溢血</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">患者会出现烦躁不安</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">、躁动的症状,对这样的病员我们会采取约束带、床档等保护措施,这样可防止病员自行拔除输液管或胃管、坠床等不必要的意外。可能有些家属于心不忍,我们理解家属的心情。一</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">旦病情稳定,不再烦躁后,我们就会立即撤离对躯体的约束,但床档还需时时加护,特别</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">是有气垫床的病人,严防坠床。希望大家能配合。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN></FONT>
<FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>4</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">·病程中还会出现不同程度的头疼,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">例如头部胀痛、针刺样痛、剧烈疼痛等,这是最常见的症状。我们会予以合理的治疗。随着</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">病情的好转,头疼会逐渐消失,因此您不必过度紧张,要学会分散注意力。如在治疗过程</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">中,仍觉得痛得很厉害,不能耐受,请及时通知我们,以便医生能采取更有效的治疗方法</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN></FONT>
<FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>5</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">·老年病人,</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.gcnxn99.com/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT color=&#35;000080>心脑血管</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">老化、脆性程度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">高,季节变化易诱发疾病。长期卧床易肺部感染,痰多不易咳出,药物祛痰,加强翻身、拍</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">背,使痰液松动咳出,减轻肺部感染。无力咳痰者,采取吸痰措施,望能配合。</SPAN> <SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN></FONT>
<FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">·长期卧床,皮肤受压超过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">小</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">时,易发生褥疮,应加强翻身。按摩受压处,保持皮肤清洁干燥。肢体放置功能位,防畸形</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN></FONT>
<FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>7</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">·饮食:要营养丰富、低脂、清淡</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">软食,如鸡蛋、豆制品等。进食困难者,可头偏向一侧,喂食速度慢,避免交谈,防呛咳、窒息。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN></FONT>
<FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>8</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">·保持大便通畅,可食用香蕉、蜂</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">蜜,多进水,加强适度翻身,按摩腹部,减少便秘发生。病人数天未解便或排便不畅,可使</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">用缓泄剂,诱导排便。禁忌用力屏气排便,防再次</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.gcnxn99.com/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT color=&#35;000080>脑出血</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">。</SPAN> <SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN></FONT>
<FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>9</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">·恢复</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">期据医嘱摇高床头</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>10~15</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">○,后按耐受及适应程度逐渐摇高床头至半卧位,每天</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>30</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">分钟、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`1~2</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">小时不等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN></FONT>
<FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>10</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">·</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="http://www.gcnxn99.com/"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT color=&#35;000080>高血压</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">是本病常见诱因。服用降压药物要按时定量,不</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">随意增减药量,防血压骤升骤降,加重</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>``</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">病情。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN></FONT>
<FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">  </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>11</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">·出院后</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>`````</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ';Times New Roman';; mso-hansi-font-family: ';Times New Roman';">定期门诊随访,监测血压、血脂等,适当体育活动,如散步、太极拳等。</SPAN></FONT>
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